What is a common side effect associated with the use of phenothiazine?

Dry mouth is a well-documented side effect associated with the use of phenothiazines, which are a class of medications primarily used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. These medications work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which can lead to various anticholinergic effects, including xerostomia, or dry mouth.

This occurs because phenothiazines can inhibit the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter responsible for stimulating saliva production. As a result, patients taking these medications often experience a decrease in saliva flow, leading to discomfort and difficulties in speaking and swallowing, as well as an increased risk for dental caries due to reduced oral moisture.

Understanding that dry mouth is a common side effect provides important insights into patient management, as healthcare providers need to monitor and address such symptoms during treatment with phenothiazines to ensure patient comfort and adherence to therapy.